Mubarak Shah

Mubarak Shah

Mubarak Shah, the son of Khizr Khan, succeeded his father. Yahya bin Ahmad's Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi has a thorough history of his reign. Punitive expeditions had to be launched to put an end to rebellions that had broken out in several regions of the empire. It was vital for Mubarak Shah to view Timur's descendants as his masters. It seems sense that he freely used both his name and the regal title of Shah. He identified himself as Muizz-ud-Din Mubarak Shah on his coins. The new leader vowed to serve only the Khalifa.

The policy of Mubarak Shah:

The majority of the nobility had their fiefs and positions from the previous era reaffirmed by Mubarak Shah. He continued to move the nobility between fiefs, nevertheless, as part of his program. He may have achieved his goal of preventing any one noble from gaining a harmful local influence in any region of the kingdom by doing this. However, efficient administration suffered as a result of this. The nobles were likewise unhappy as a result. His murder was caused in part by this policy.

The issue of Jasrath Khokhar:

The actions of Jasrath Khokhar disrupted Mubarak Shah's rule. Jasrath Khokhar was a foolish country rustic. He started to have visions of Delhi as he was intoxicated by triumph and overjoyed with the might of his men. He crossed the Byas and Sutlej rivers on horseback and assaulted Ravi Kamal-ud-Din at Talwandi after learning of Khizr Khan's passing. Before him, Ria Firuz ran off into the desert. Jasrath then ransacked the nation, from Ludhiana to the area of Aruba (Rupar) close to Sutlej. The Sarhind fort was then under siege, but he was unable to capture it. Jasrath abandoned the siege of Sarhind and fled to Ludhiana while Mubarak Shah marched on Samana. He fled to the mountains while he was being sought after. Jasrath crossed the Ravi and moved towards Lahore while the Sultan returned to Delhi. The Governor of Lahore opposed Jasrath, so he fled to Kalanaur and then the mountains. Jasrath again staged a revolt, overthrew Raja Bhim of Jammu, killed him in combat, and pillaged the regions of Dipalpur and Lahore. Sikandar Tuhfa marched towards him but turned around, freeing him to prepare for more intense hostilities. Jasrath attempted to seize Jullundur but was unsuccessful. However, he pillaged the area and abducted a sizable portion of its populace as slaves. Jasrath was nonetheless routed into the hills after being beaten.

Mubarak Shah's problems served as the perfect excuse for Jasrath to revolt. Additionally, he invaded Jullundur before proceeding to Lahore to besiege it. But Jasrath was forced to increase the Lahore siege before being pushed into the mountains. In 1432, Jasrath caused trouble once more but was once more pushed into the mountains. Under Mubarak Shah, there was unrest in the Doab. Mubarak Shah entered Katchar in 1423 and ordered the local leaders to surrender and pay their taxes. The Rathors of Elawah and Kampila were tamed. Jallu and Qadda served as the leaders of the Mewati uprising. They did, however, give up and get forgiveness.

The governor of Biyana, Jumper Muhammad Khan, rebelled but was put down. Ibrahim Sharqi led a sizable force into the battle against Kalpi. Mobarak Shah deployed his soldiers against the king of Jaunpur after his brother marched into Etawah. The operations were restricted to the cut posts for a while since neither side wanted to take a chance in a fight. Mubarak Shah assigned his nobles to lead his army onto the battlefield while Ibrahim Shiraj prepared his army for the fight in April 1428. From noon until dusk, when each army returned to its separate camp, the two forces engaged in a considerable amount of fighting without achieving any notable victories. Ibrahim Sharqi made his way back towards Jaunpur the following day. He was followed for some distance but Mubarak Shah ordered the pursuit to be stopped.

Paulad's Uprising

It's possible to make a comparison to Paulad Turk Baccha's uprising. Sayyid Salim's slave was an insurgent. He was able to assemble a sizable following and established himself in the Bhatinda castle. Paulad consented to give up in exchange for the Sultan saving his life. He made the mistake of taking a servant's word that the Sultan's word could not be trusted and decided to keep up the struggle. Amir Shaikh Zada All Mughal, the governor of Kabul, and the Khokhar leaders have requested assistance from Paulad. When the Kabul Governor arrived in Sarhind, the royal army retreated.

Amir Shaikh Ali received two lakhs of Tankas from Paulad in addition to other gifts, and he almost looted the whole of Punjab. Malik Sikandar gave him a year's worth of income, and he subsequently headed in the direction of Dipalpur. The Multan neighborhood was pillaged. Amir Shaikh Zada Ali was ultimately victorious, and after leaving his army behind, which had been annihilated, he fled to Kabul. Also defeated and slain was Paulad. In November 1433, his head was handed to the Sultan.

Mubarak Shah conquered Mewat in 1432 after another uprising by Jalal Khan. He forced him to buy peace on the customary terms of a present payment and a promise of amendment after driving him from one position to another.

The Murder of Sultan:

Sarwar-ul-Mulk had not been carrying out his responsibilities as Wazir in a satisfactory manner for some time, according to Murder Mubarak Shah. As a result, he chose Kamal-ul-Mulk to serve as his coadjutor in the hopes that they would get along well. But he was dissatisfied. Sarwar-ul-Mulk's impact was overshadowed by that of Kamal-ul-Mulk, who was more skilled and enthusiastic. The latter disliked being effectively superseded. His attention was now focused on blood. His loss of the fief of Dipalpur had hurt him deeply, and he was now determined to bring about a revolution in the state. To kill the Sultan, he plotted with the sons of Kangu and Kajwi Khatri.

Sidhu Pal, the grandson of Kaju, assaulted Mubarak Shah on February 20, 1434, when he went to Mubarakabad to observe the development of its construction. The Sultan was struck with a sword on the head with such power that he immediately dropped lifelessly on the ground. Ranu and other Hindus hurriedly finished the gruesome task. One of Mubarak Shah's contemporaries described him as "a clement and generous sovereign full of excellent qualities."

Administration of Mubarak Shah:

King Mubarak Shah proved to be the most capable member of the Khizr Khan family. He made every effort to protect his father's wealth, and in conquering the threats to his kingdom from both within and beyond, he showed the traits of a valiant warrior. He was astute and resourceful, and he always had an obedient army at his disposal—both his own and those of his feudal allies—that guarded the crucial border crossings at Lahore, Dipalpur, and Multan in the north and west and battled to defend him in key locations in the south and southwest.

However, he did not show the same cunning in his selection and management of his officials and officers, and his suspicion of some of them, which led to numerous transfers of occupants of important posts, had fatal effects that contributed to his untimely demise. Although a staunch Muslim in thought and deed, he was fair and generous to all of his subjects and free of prejudice. Even though some of them participated in the plan against his life, he courted the Delhi Khatris. He defended Kalpi over Ibrahim Sharqi's plans with the same fervor that served the Hindu kingdom of Gwalior from Hushang's assaults. Similar to how he may not have treated Katehar and Etawah harshly enough comcomparedwat's ruthless sacking and Bayana's pressure. The establishment of Mubarakabad, a new city on the riverbank of the Yamuna with a sizable mosque, in 1433 is proof of Mubarak's involvement in architecture. He also gave Yahya Sirhindi, a contemporary historian, favor. His well-known book, the Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi, is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on the history of the time.